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摘要: 随着心脏移植手术技术逐步成熟、免疫抑制药广泛使用以及器官分配系统完善，供心来源不足已成为制约临床心脏移植发展的瓶颈，如何扩大供心来源是亟待解决的科学难题。近年，随着科学技术的发展以及新型技术的应用，移植界就如何扩大供心来源取得了许多突破性的进展，许多研究成果已逐步实现临床转化，推动了临床心脏移植的发展。因此，本文就扩大供心来源的最新技术及策略进行综述，重点探讨器官保存技术、边缘供心使用、异种移植、人工心脏以及生物人工心脏在缓解供心短缺中的作用，概述扩大供心来源当前所面临的挑战和未来方向，以期为临床心脏移植的进一步发展提供参考。Abstract: With gradual maturity of surgical technique of heart transplantation, extensive use of immunosuppressants and the improvement of organ distribution system, the shortage of donor heart has become a bottleneck issue restricting the development of heart transplantation in clinical practice. How to expand the donor pool for heart transplantation remains to be urgently solved. In recent years, with the development of science and technology and the application of new technology, groundbreaking progresses have been made on how to expand the donor pool for heart transplantation within the transplantation community. Multiple research results have been gradually translated into clinical practice, driving the development of heart transplantation in clinical settings. In this article, the latest technologies and strategies to expand the donor pool for heart transplantation were reviewed, the roles of organ preservation technology, use of marginal donor heart, xenotransplantation, artificial heart and bioartificial heart in alleviating the shortage of donor heart were investigated, and existing challenges and future directions to expand the donor pool for heart transplantation were summarized, aiming to provide reference for subsequent development of heart transplantation in clinical practice.
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