Abstract: Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) is the largest obstacle to the long-term survival of lung transplant recipients, which represents a series of complicated clinical manifestations of significant and persistent deterioration of lung allograft function after surgery. Due to lack of effective strategies for early diagnosis and prevention, over half of lung transplant recipients will develop CLAD within postoperative 5 years, which is likely to increase to 75% within postoperative 10 years. At present, no drug can be administered to completely prevent or reverse the progression of CLAD. In recent years, since the definition, diagnosis and treatment of CLAD have been updated by International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) in 2019, the understanding of CLAD has been significantly deepened within the international community. In this article, comprehensive diagnostic methods and potential treatment strategies of CLAD were explicitly illustrated, aiming to provide theoretical reference and insights for early monitoring and management of the incidence and progression of CLAD.