Objective  To investigate the risk factors of pulmonary infection after renal transplantation from organ donation after citizen's death.

  Methods  Clinical data of 125 donors and 210 recipients admitted to Organ Transplantation Center, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South Hospital from April 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. All recipients were divided into the pulmonary infection (n=37) and non-pulmonary infection groups (n=173) according to the incidence of pulmonary infection after renal transplantation. General data and clinical prognosis of the recipients with pulmonary infection were evaluated. Risk factors of the donors (gender, age, maintenance therapy time, infection history) and those of the recipients gender, age, smoking history, diabetes mellitus history, preoperative levels of hemoglobin, leukocyte, percentage of neutrophilic leukocyte, albumin and serum creatinine, postoperative presence of acute rejection, use of biological agents and preventive application of ganciclovir and compound sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) were subject to single factor analysis and multi-variate Logistic regression analysis to identify the independent risk factors of pulmonary infection.

  Results and conclusions  Among 37 patients with pulmonary infection, 8 died due to progression to severe pulmonary infection. The independent risk factors of pulmonary infection following renal transplantation from organ donation after citizen's death include maintenance therapy time and infection history for the donors, smoking history, diabetes mellitus history and preventive use of ganciclovir or SMZ for the recipients.