Abstract: The dialectical influence of traditional Chinese culture on the willingness of organ donation is mainly reflected in the tension between the "unity of body and mind" and the "transferability of the body", the game between "family-centeredness" and "individual autonomy", and the reconciliation between "reflecting on the past and looking forward to the future" and "expanding the meaning of life". The degree of improvement of the social welfare system and the fairness of the organ allocation mechanism also significantly affect the public's willingness of organ donation. It is necessary to conduct creative interpretation of traditional concepts of the body, filial piety and life and death through value reconfiguration, practical adaptation, and communication innovation, to establish a donation mechanism and incentive system that benefits both the family and the country, promote the organic integration of discourse promotion and modern education, and improve the social security and fair distribution system. Building an organ donation-friendly ecosystem that is in line with the current social cognition in China, promotes the localization, ethics and sustainable development of China's human organ donation cause.