器官移植

Abstract:
Objective To analyze the impairment of renal allograft function in renal transplant recipients caused by BK virus infection after renal transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 210 recipients who underwent allogenic renal transplantation and received BK virus monitoring regularly were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence of BK viruria, viremia and BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) after renal transplantation was summarized. The effect of BK virus infection on renal allograft function and prognosis of renal allograft function after the removement of BK virus were analyzed. Results Among the 210 recipients, there were 46 cases with pure viruria, 46 cases with viremia complicated with viruria and 7 cases with BKVN confirmed by pathological biopsy. The level of serum creatinine (Scr) in the recipients with viremia after renal transplantation was linearly related to BK viral load in urine and blood (r=0.594, 0.672, both P < 0.01). The level of Scr increased significantly when BK viral load in blood of the recipients with viremia was found positive for the first time, and increased continuously after viremia sustained. And the level of Scr decreased slightly when blood viral load turned to negative after treatment, but still significantly higher than before virus infection. All the above differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Compared with the basic level, there was no significant difference in the level of Scr of recipients with pure viruria during positive viruria (all P>0.05). Conclusions It will impair the renal allograft function when BK viremia occurs after renal transplantation, and it is necessary to monitor viral infection regularly. Once the blood BK virus is found positive, it shall be implemented immediately to reduce the intensity of immunosuppression as the preferred clinical intervention.

Clinical analysis of lung transplantation from donors combined with pulmonary contusion

Ye Shugao, Li Huixing, Liu Feng, Liu Dong, Chen Jingyu

2018, 9(1): 58-62. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2018.01.008

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Abstract:
Objective To explore the efficacy and prognosis of lung transplantation from donors combined with pulmonary contusion on the treatment of patients with end-stage lung disease. Methods Clinical data of 73 cases of donors and recipients were collected. The donors and recipients were divided into contusion group (23 cases of donors and recipients, with a maximum diameter of contusion in 5-8 cm) and standard group (50 cases of donors and recipients) depending on combined pulmonary contusion. Major clinical indicators [postoperative oxygenation index, duration of mechanical ventilation and chest tube drainage and incidence of primary graft dysfunction (PGD)] and prognosis of the recipients in both groups were compared. Results The recipients in both groups presented no significant difference in postoperative oxygenation index, duration of mechanical ventilation and chest tube drainage and incidence of PGD (all P>0.05). The postoperative 1-year survival of the recipients in standard group and contusion group was 74% and 83%, which presented no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions The efficacy and prognosis of lung transplantation from donors combined with pulmonary contusion (with a maximum diameter of 5-8 cm) are comparable to those of lung transplantation from standard donors.

Efficacy of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Sun Yanling, Zhang Jingwen, Fang Zhigang

2018, 9(1): 63-68. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2018.01.009

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Abstract:
Objective To observe the efficacy of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on the treatment of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in complete remission stage. Methods Clinical data of 14 AML patients underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation were analyzed retrospectively, including 7 low-risk patients, 6 moderate-risk patients and 1 high-risk patient. After pretreatment, pre-cryopreserved autologous peripheral blood stem cells were retransfused. And component blood transfusion, increasing white blood cell (WBC) count and preventing from infection, etc. were given. Hematopoietic reconstitution of autologous stem cells in the patients was observed, and incidence of transplantation related complications was obtained. Furthermore, survival curves were drawn, and postoperative 1-and 3-year overall survival rates and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were calculated. Results Hematopoietic reconstitution was achieved in all 14 patients. The median time of WBC implantation was 12(9-28) d, and that of platelet implantation was 29(8-158) d. Two patients suffered from E. coli septicemia during neutropenia stage, 1 from proteus vulgaris septicemia, 1 from cytomegalovirus viremia within 29 d after transplantation and the remaining from infection or gastrointestinal reaction after pretreated. All patients were cured by anti-infection and other symptomatic relief and supportive treatment. All patients were followed up for 29.8(5.3-61.5) months. In 14 patients, 5 cases recurred. 11 patients survived and 3 died of recurrence. The postoperative 1-and 3-year overall survival rates were 86% and 79%, and the postoperative 1-and 3-year DFS rates were 64% and 57%. Conclusions Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is effective in the treatment of majority patients with low-or moderate-risk AML.

Clinical analysis of de novo malignancies in recipients after renal transplantation

Li Jiang, Chen Xuchun, Meng Yiman, Yang Lei

2018, 9(1): 69-73. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2018.01.010

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Abstract:
Objective To summarize the characteristics and treatment methods of de novo malignancies in recipients after renal transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 43 patients with de novo malignancies after renal transplantation among 759 recipients were analyzed retrospectively. Characteristics, treatment methods and prognosis of the de novo malignancies after renal transplantation were summarized. Results The incidence of de novo malignancies in recipients after renal transplantation was 5.7%. The age of onset was (52±11) years old, and the de novo malignancies was diagnosed in 13-193 months with the median of 60 months after renal transplantation. The 43 patients with de novo malignancies included 9 cases of primary renal carcinoma, 7 cases of bladder carcinoma, 6 cases of lung carcinoma, 5 cases of lymphoma, 4 cases of colorectal carcinoma, 4 cases of mammary carcinoma, 2 cases of skin carcinoma, 1 case of adrenal carcinoma, 1 case of gastric carcinoma, 1 case of primary carcinoma of liver, 1 case of pancreatic carcinoma, 1 case of scalp angiosarcoma and 1 case of meningioma, and they were treated by surgical procedure, adjusting immunosuppressive therapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy after diagnosed. The postoperative 1-and 5-year survival rates were 81% and 63%, respectively. Conclusions The incidence of de novo malignancies in recipients after renal transplantation is higher than that in healthy subjects, and urological neoplasm is most common. Radical resection should be considered first, and antineoplastic combined therapy can be performed for the patients who cannot undergo surgery. Meanwhile, dosage of immunosuppressive agents can be reduced and medication regimens can be adjusted, thus effectively prolonging the survival time of patients.

Protective effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on donor kidneys from non-controllable donation after cardiac death

Yuan Runqiang, Gong Mancheng, Dong Wenjing, Deng Decheng, Gong Chaoyang

2018, 9(1): 74-78. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2018.01.011

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Abstract:
Objective To explore the protective effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on donor kidneys from non-controllable donation after cardiac death (DCD). Methods A total of 60 non-controllable DCD donors were selected and divided into 3 groups randomly based on the in vivo perfusion time of ECMO: test group 1 received EMCO perfusion for 2 h, test group 2 for 4 h and test group 3 for 6 h, with 20 cases in each group. Corresponding recipients were also divided into 3 groups, with 20 cases in each group. Meanwhile, 20 recipients from donation after brain death (DBD) with stable circulatory function were randomly selected as control group. Incidence of delayed graft function (DGF), primary graft nonfunction (PNF) and acute rejection of the recipients in different groups was compared. The indexes including graft function recovery time, urine volume on day 1 and graft function within 1 year after renal transplantation were compared for the recipients in different groups. And 1-year survival rate of the recipients and grafts after renal transplantation was compared. Results Compared with the control group, various test groups presented no significant differences in the incidence of PNF, DGF and acute rejection (all P>0.05). Compared with the control group, graft function recovery time prolonged significantly in each test group, which presented statistically significant differences (all P < 0.05), while the urine volume on day 1 and graft function within 1 year after renal transplantation presented no statistically significant difference in each test group (all P>0.05). The 1-year survival rate of the recipients and grafts after renal transplantation was 100% in various test groups and control group, which presented no statistically significant difference (all P>0.05). Conclusions ECMO can protect donor kidneys effectively through assisting the circulatory or respiratory function of non-controllable DCD, and improve their utilization rate.

Review Articles

Research progress of microRNA in diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and monitoring of islet transplant allograft

Wang Xiliang, Cai Zhiming, Mou Lisha

2018, 9(1): 79-82. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2018.01.012

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Influence factors of growth retardation in children before renal transplantation

Suo Jingjun, Wang Zhigang, Shang Wenjun

2018, 9(1): 83-87. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-7445.2018.01.013

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Abstract: