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摘要: 骨质疏松是实体器官移植术后常见的并发症之一, 常发生于术后第6~12个月, 轻者可无明显症状和体征, 稍重者表现为腰背疼痛、乏力或全身骨痛, 严重者发生骨折。发病机制主要是骨吸收增加和骨形成减少。术前存在的骨代谢性疾病和术后大量应用免疫抑制剂是实体器官移植患者发病的主要原因。各种实体器官如肾、肝、肺移植术后骨质疏松的发病原因、发病特点各不相同。骨质疏松的防治除了应用一般防治措施外, 还可应用钙、维生素D、活性维生素D、双膦酸盐类药物、降钙素、甲状旁脉激素及激素替代治疗等。控制肾上腺皮质激素用量是预防骨质疏松的关键措施。
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